In the UK, the vast majority of CCTV are operated by private individuals and companies, especially to monitor the interiors of shops and businesses.
The total number of local government operated CCTV was around 52,000 over the entirety of the UK, according to the Freedom of Information Act 2000 requests.
In 2002 UrbanEye published a study by Michael McCahill and Clive Norris extrapolated the number of CCTV in Greater London to be around half a million (500,000) and the total number of CCTV in the UK to be around 4,200,000. According to their study estimated there is one CCTV camera for every 14 people in the UK. For several years it has been acknowledged that the methodology behind this figure is flawed, it has been widely quoted.
CCTV (closed-circuit television) transmit signals which are not publicly distributed,only a small number of people being able to access it and primarily used for surveillance and security purposes. CCTV relies on strategic placement of cameras, and observation of the camera’s input on monitors somewhere. Because CCTV cameras communicate with video recorder and/or monitor across private coaxial cable runs or wireless communication links, they gain the designation “closed-circuit” to indicate that access to their content is limited by design only to those able to see it.